Participation of gastrointestinal microbiome in the pathogenesis and symptoms of autism according to the theory of brain-intestinal axis interaction

Autism is a disorder involving a number of symptoms. It is included in the overall development disorders. The disease is characterized by spreading and progressive behavioural disorders, usually manifesting in early childhood and continuing also through adulthood. Epidemiological data emphasize the importance of the problem and the need to develop studies using modern molecular methods and next-generation sequencing techniques. and in the 1990’s – 10–20 per 10,000. Latest indexes show that child autism and Asperger syndrome affect 1 in 38 children. Recently, there has been published a detailed study on the intestinal microflora in children with autism, showing differences in the spectrum of microorganisms in sick and healthy children. One of the most striking discoveries is the fact that functions of the intestinal microflora and functions of the brain are connected. Therefore, it is possible that microbiome may influence a person’s behaviour and mental health. In the past, the impact of intestinal microflora on the development of autism was ignored, but today it is important. Digestive tract disorders occurring in children with autism can have various natures and locations. As of now, a single autism-specific digestive tract pathology cannot be claimed to exist. As in elimination diets, treatment should be conducted on an individual basis.