Proposal of lighting requirements for lighting devices in adaptive front lighting system of trams head lights

The paper presents the issues strictly connected with the scientific discipline of Transport, concerning the exploitation of lighting devices, reflectors and projectors being the fundamental devices for tram 's head lighting. The factor influencing the safety of a moving track vehicle is the quality and state of tram's head lighting. Appropriate light distribution within the area of tram's foreground plays a decisive role in the perception of luminous sensations by the tram driver. A properly shaped light beam conditions appropriate visibility from the tram driver's seat and facilitates correct assessment of traffic situations connected with the behaviour of other road traffic participants. The history of development of lighting devices for head lights used for trams has been discussed. The article proposes and discusses application of AFS system in trams particularly accounting for proposals of new lighting requirements for tram's head lighting devices. Particular attention has been paid to photometric requirements for projectors and reflectors of tram's head lights, presenting proposals for these requirements. After conducting a lighting analysis of currently exploited light beams it has been established that justification exists for using symmetrical light beams in the case of head, main and low beam lights. Introduction of three kinds of lights of dedicated light beams for low beam, main and curve lights is proposed.