Efektywność usuwania związków organicznych podczas oczyszczania wody w procesie filtracji przez biologicznie aktywny filtr węglowy z identyfikacją mikroorganizmów

A study of effectiveness of organic compounds removing from the water was carried out in the pilot scale. Filter column with 100 mm diameter and 3 m height was filled with activated carbon WG-12 at the height of 2.1 m and placed in a water jacket. The water jacket was made with a pipe with the diameter of 140 mm, wherein water with the same temperature as filtered water, flows from top to bottom of jacket at all times. Activated carbon was biologically "inoculated" with backwash water taken from the carbon filters from existing Water Treatment Plant. Water samples were collected at the inlet and in the vertical profile of filter column. Following factors were analyzed in all samples: temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, COD (KMnO4), UV254 absorbance, TOC, total number of mesophilic and psychrophilic bacteria. In some water samples, biochemical diagnostics were performed using an automated system Vitek 2 Compact (bioMerieux), in order to identify microorganisms. Samples of bed were also collected in the vertical profile of the filter to determine the total number of mesophilic and psychrophilic bacteria. Studies showed relatively short time of biological activation of filter bed, which undoubtedly was an effect of the proper preparation of the bed and conditions of the process (contact time, the optimum temperature and pH, and sufficient content of organic substances which was the nutrients for bacteria). Activated carbon WG-12, which was used during the studies, was a very good base for the growth of microorganisms in the filter bed. Microbial activity of filter was confirmed by indicator EMS which amounted to <1 and bacteriological analysis of water and the bed. The content of organic compounds in the water during filtration through a biologically active carbon bed decreased along to depth of filter. The lowering of organic compounds amount at higher depths of the filter bed was correlated with the growing amount of mesophilic and psychrophilic bacteria in the bed. In a vertical cross section of the filter Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter nosocomialis, Acinetobacter pittii, Acinetobacter baumannii, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus have been identified. Due to the fact that Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the bacteria responsible for the decomposition of organic compounds, their presence undoubtedly contributed to the reduction of biodegradable fraction of organic matter present in the filtered water.